INTEGRATOR
Description of the simulated system
In this simulator a general integrator model is simulated. You can
freely adjust the input signal u(t) and the gain of the integrator, K.
The relation between the input signal u and the output signal y can be
expressed with the following transfer function:
h(s) = y(s)/u(s) = K/s
where K is the gain.
The transfer function above is equivalent with the following
differential equation:
dy(t)/dt = Ku(t)
and with the following integral equation:
The simulator is based on the Runge-Kutta second-order method with
time-step of 0.05 sec.
Aims
The aims of the simulator is to give insight into the dynamic behaviour of an
integrator.
Motivation
There are many dynamic systems with interating behaviour, e.g.:
- Liquid tanks where the outflow is level is independent of the level,
as if the outflow is produced by a pump. In such a system the pump
control signal can be the input variable and the level is the output
variable of the integrator.
- Thermal systems without heat loss to the environment. The iInput
variable is heat supply (via a heatring element), and the output
variable is the temperature.
- A motor having neglectable (or very quick) dynamics. The input
variable is the motor control signal, and the output variable is the
motor rotational position.
- The integrator-term of a PID-controller. The input variable is the
control error, and the output variable is the integrator term, ui.
Tasks
Below, U is the amplitude of the input step, and K
is the gain of the integrator.
- The shape of the step response:
Set K = 1. Simulate with an input step amplitude of U = 1.
Characterize the shape of the step response.
- The importance of the gain K:
Simulate with input step amplitude U = 1 for
different values of K, both positive and negative. How does the slope
of the step response depend on K?
- The integrator effect: Simulate
while adjusting the input u(t). Do you see that the integrator actually
integrates
("stores") the input?
[KYBSIM] [TechTeach]
Updated May 30, 2004.
Developed by
Finn Haugen.
E-mail: finn@techteach.no. |