Transfer Function Based PID TuningSnapshot of parts of the front panel of the simulator:
Description of the simulated systemIntroductionThe control system of a process given by a transfer function model is simulated. You can adjust the setpoint and the disturbance. To quantize the performance of the controller the IAE performance index (Integral of Absolute value of control Error) is calculated continuously:
We can say that the less IAE index, the better control. (However, the IAE index does not express the control usage, so it may happen that the control usage is abrupt, causing wear on mechanical actuatorsas valves, motors and pumps.) In the tasks below the controller shall be tuned based on the transfer function model of the process to be controlled. Several methods are available, e.g. The Ziegler-Nichol's methods; Pole-zero cancellation, and the Skogestad's method [S. Skogestad: Simple Analytical Rules for Model Reduction and PID Controller Tuning, J. Process Control, 2002], see also Ch. 8 in PID Control. The controlled processThe process model which is controlled in this simulator can be chosen you. By default the transfer function from control variable, u, to measurement signal, y, is a second order transfer function with time-delay, with a disturbance, v, acting on the process at the same place dynamically as the control variable. That is, the process model is on the following form:
where you can select Hps(s) quite freely (any numerator and denumerator polynomials, with or without time delay). The nominal operating pointThe nominal operating point is characterized as follows:
Controller functionThe PID controller is on serial form, i.e. its transfer function is
AimThe aim of this simulator is to give practice in tuning a PID controller for a process given by its transfer function model. MotivationIf a transfer function model of the process to be controlled is known (with good accuracy), a controller can be tuned from the transfer function directly, i.e. the controller parameters are calculated as functions of the transfer function model. Such model based tuning is beneficial compared to experimental tuning since no experiment is required. However at least simulations should be run to check if the tuning is acceptable (assuming the process model is accurate). TasksIn the tasks below it is assumed that the process initially is in the nominal operating point.
Updated 17. April 2008. Developed by Finn Haugen. E-mail: finn@techteach.no. |