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Abbreviations:

LD = Ladder Diagram

FBD = Function Block Diagram

ST = Structured Text

CFC = Continuous Function Chart

SFC = Sequential Function Chart

FUN = Function

FB = Function Block

 

Videos

Video tutorials on Youtube.

The videos are in Norwegian.

 

Function blocks

The following function blocks (*.export files) can be imported into a Codesys project with the meny Project -> Import (in Codesys).

 

Measurement scaling

meas_scaling.export

 

 

 

 

 

P is process value (e.g. celsius).

M is measurement signal value (e.g. milliampere).

(M1, P1) and (M2, P2) are two given measurement points.

P is calculated with the following linear formula:

P = a*M + b

where

a = (P2 - P1) / (M2 - M1)

b = P1 - a*M1

 

Measurement filter

meas_ewma_filter.export

 

 

 

y_mf is filtered measurement value.

y_m is nonfiltered (raw; noisy) measurement value.

tf [s] is filter time constant.

ts [s] is time step, or sampling interval.

y_mf is calculated with:

y_mf = (1 - a) * y_mf_prev + a * y_m

where a is the filter constant:

a = 1/Nf

where Nf is the filter length:

Nf = (tf/ts) + 1

At the first iteration, y_mf_prev is set equal to y_m, which makes the initial value of y_mf become equal to y_m.

 

Time delay

This function block implements a time delay, which can be used in e.g. a process simulator.

time_delay.export

 

 

 

y_delayed is the time delayed signal.

y_nondelayed is the signal to be time delayed.

delay_array_init is the initial value of y_delayed, i.e. its value before the time delay has elapsed.

t_delay [s] is the time delay.

ts [s] is time step, or sampling interval.


Updated 30 Oct 2026 by Finn Aakre Haugen (finn@techteach.no).